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<mods:title>Interview with Agha Shahi, 1987</mods:title>
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<mods:name>
<mods:namePart>Shahi, Agha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateCreated encoding='w3cdtf' keyDate='yes'>1987-02-07</mods:dateCreated>
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<mods:extent>01:39:38:14</mods:extent>
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<mods:abstract>Agha Shahi was Pakistani Ambassador to the United Nations from 1967-1972, then Secretary of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1973-1982 (with a short break in between). In the interview he talks about Pakistan, the IAEA and the nonproliferation debates of the 1950s. While he was concerned about India, Israel, and South Africa on the latter score, he recalls a feeling of admiration at Chinas nuclear successes. This naturally contrasts sharply with his reactions to Indias 1974 test, which followed the signing of the troubling Indo-Soviet treaty of 1971. He briefly discusses Project 706, the Arab oil embargo and a number of other questions. Turning to the possibility of a Pakistani bomb, he questions the basis for CIA reports about Pakistans likely plans for such a device and denies that Prime Minister Bhutto ever sought an Islamic bomb. Discussing nonproliferation, he expresses his negative reactions to President Carters anti-proliferation efforts, and also explains that Pakistan declined to put all its nuclear facilities under safeguard because it was considered discriminatory not to make India, Israel or South Africa do the same. He notes that the effect of other countries pulling back on aid as a result made Islamabad decide that it had to become as self-reliant as possible in the area of nuclear technology. He goes on to describe the countrys process for enriching uranium, but denies there are grounds for Western concerns about developments in the country. The discussion then deals with the status of nuclear weapons and whether Pakistan has a deliberate policy of ambiguity about the field. Finally, he is ambivalent about the effectiveness of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, saying it can only be proven in the future.</mods:abstract>
<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Nuclear disarmament</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>International Atomic Energy Agency</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>International relations</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (1968)</mods:topic>
</mods:subject>
<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Nuclear energy</mods:topic>
</mods:subject>
<mods:subject authority='lcsh' authorityURI='http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects'>
<mods:topic>Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963)</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>United Nations</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>United States. Nuclear Nonproliferation Act of 1978</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Goldschmidt, Bertrand</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Nuclear weapons</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Great Britain</mods:topic>
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<mods:topic>Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali</mods:topic>
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<mods:topic>Nuclear nonproliferation</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Nuclear-weapon-free zones</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Qaddafi, Muammar</mods:topic>
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<mods:topic>Soviet Union</mods:topic>
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<mods:country>Israel</mods:country>
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<mods:coordinates>31.5,34.75</mods:coordinates>
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<mods:country>Pakistan</mods:country>
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<mods:country>Saudi Arabia</mods:country>
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<mods:country>United States</mods:country>
<mods:continent>North and Central America</mods:continent>
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<mods:coordinates>38,-98</mods:coordinates>
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<mods:country>South Africa</mods:country>
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<mods:continent>Europe</mods:continent>
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<mods:county>Hopkins</mods:county>
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<mods:city>Palestine</mods:city>
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<mods:coordinates>33.0833,-95.8</mods:coordinates>
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<mods:namePart>Gaulle, Charles de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald)</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart type='date'>1917-1963</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Giscard d'Estaing, Valery</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Kosygin, Aleksey Nikolayevich</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart type='date'>1904-1980</mods:namePart>
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